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- ************************
- * Thiolases signatures *
- ************************
-
- Two different types of thiolase [1,2,3] are found both in eukaryotes and in
- prokaryotes: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase
- (EC 2.3.1.16). 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (also called thiolase I) has a broad
- chain-length specificity for its substrates and is involved in degradative
- pathways such as fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (also
- called thiolase II) is specific for the thiolysis of acetoacetyl-CoA and
- involved in biosynthetic pathways such as poly beta-hydroxybutyrate synthesis
- or steroid biogenesis.
-
- In eukaryotes, there are two forms of 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase: one located in
- the mitochondrion and the other in peroxisomes.
-
- There are two conserved cysteine residues important for thiolase activity. The
- first located in the N-terminal section of the enzymes is involved in the
- formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate; the second located at the C-terminal
- extremity is the active site base involved in deprotonation in the
- condensation reaction.
-
- Mammalian nonspecific lipid-transfer protein (nsL-TP) (also known as sterol
- carrier protein 2) is a protein which seems to exist in two different forms:
- a 14 Kd protein (SCP-2) and a larger 58 Kd protein (SCP-x). The former is
- found in the cytoplasm or the mitochondria and is involved in lipid transport;
- the latter is found in peroxisomes. The C-terminal part of SCP-x is identical
- to SCP-2 while the N-terminal portion is evolutionary related to thiolases
- [4].
-
- We developed three signature patterns for this family of proteins, two of
- which are based on the regions around the biologically important cysteines.
- The third is based on a highly conserved region in the C-terminal part of
- these proteins.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVM]-[NST]-x(2)-C-[SAGI]-[ST]-[SAG]-[LIVMFYNS]-x-[SAG]-
- [LIVM]-x(6)-[LIVM]
- [C is involved in formation of acyl-enzyme intermediate]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: Rhizobium nodulation protein nodE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: N-x(2)-G-G-x-[LIVM]-[SA]-x-G-H-P-x-G-x-[ST]-G
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [AG]-[LIVMA]-[STAGLIVM]-[STAG]-[LIVMA]-C-x-[AG]-x-G-x-
- [AG]-x-[SAG]
- [C is the active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for nsL-TP.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: 5.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Peoples O.P., Sinskey A.J.
- J. Biol. Chem. 264:15293-15297(1989).
- [ 2] Yang S.-Y., Yang X.-Y.H., Healy-Louie G., Schulz H., Elzinga M.
- J. Biol. Chem. 265:10424-10429(1990).
- [ 3] Igual J.C., Gonzalez-Bosch C., Dopazo J., Perez-Ortin J.E.
- J. Mol. Evol. 35:147-155(1992).
- [ 4] Baker M.E., Billheimer J.T., Strauss J.F. III
- DNA Cell Biol. 10:695-698(1991).
-